PFAS

2023 - 1 - 17

Some landfills will begin treating PFAS on-site as regulators move to ... (Waste Dive)

Companies such as Casella Waste Systems and Waste Connections are building their own wastewater treatment plants for leachate and testing a range of ...

“Robust information on health effects, analytical methods, and treatment efficacy are needed as we look to address additional PFAS in drinking water and other media.” “We're aiming to try to get the levels in the leachate below laboratory detection limits, which are typically in that one to two ppt range. “Landfill leachate contains many other background constituents that will affect a given treatment process” said the EPA’s Brann in an email. In tests by Golder, an engineering firm based in Montreal, the method removed [100% of PFOS and 100% of PFOA](https://www.golder.com/insights/electro-oxidation-how-to-sustainably-destroy-pfas-in-water/). [study](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0043135421011775#:~:text=Concentrations%20of%20Per-%20and%20Polyfluorinated%20Alkyl%20Substances%20(PFAS),complex%20cycling%20within%20the%20natural%20and%20engineered%20environment.) in the journal Water Research about sources in Michigan found that concentrations of PFAS in effluent from all 10 wastewater treatment plants sampled were up to 19 times higher than levels in the wastewater entering the facilities. This method, essentially the chemical combustion of compounds in water, [involves](https://www.golder.com/insights/electro-oxidation-how-to-sustainably-destroy-pfas-in-water/) passing the PFAS-laden water by an array of electrodes. The draft rule is set to be issued within the next few weeks, with a final rule expected by the end of the year, EPA Deputy Press Secretary Khanya Brann said in an email. [ pluck PFAS out of water](https://www.cdmsmith.com/en/Client-Solutions/Insights/PFAS-Destruction) and reconfigure it into a foam. “I think everybody sees regulation is coming and want to get ahead of it,” said Kurt Shaner, vice president for engineering and sustainability at Waste Connections, which has two on-site PFAS treatment facilities that came online in 2022. But they still show up in imported goods and persist in the environment, as well as in closets and cupboards. While publicly-owned wastewater treatment plants have historically treated leachate, some facilities either have halted that practice or are planning to stop accepting the waste because of PFAS concerns. As evidence of the risks to human health and the environment continues to mount, Vermont regulators are adopting limits on five types of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances, including PFOS and PFOA.

Post cover
Image courtesy of "mlive.com"

Michigan begins PFAS blood testing in Oscoda after years of pressure (mlive.com)

Cathy Wusterbarth of the Need Our Water (NOW) advocacy group has her blood drawn as part of a Michigan DHHS PFAS exposure assessment in Oscoda, Dec. 2, 2022.

“In terms of looking at the types of exposure that people have in the area, it’s more than just PFAS,” said Jennifer Gray, a DHHS environmental health division senior toxicologist. The broader range of chemicals reflects the Oscoda program’s relationship to the larger MiChEM effort as well as the area’s status as a hunting and fishing destination. “It’s that important and we’re small enough that I can do that.” PFAS are often called “forever chemicals” because they do not readily break down in the environment or in humans. In addition to about 40 different types of PFAS, legacy contaminants such as PCBs and mercury are also being analyzed. “It’s a very easy, one-page reference document that physicians can use,” Wusterbarth said. However, the effort stops short of linking that exposure to illnesses and other health outcomes. In Oscoda, AFFF firefighting foam use at the former air base severely contaminated the groundwater people tap for drinking supply. “I want people to have this information as soon as possible,” Wusterbarth said. No fish or any other wildlife harvested from the marsh should be consumed, the state says. “PFAS does get cleared from the body at some point. This past fall, the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) began blood serum testing and health surveys in Oscoda as part of an effort assess the severity of exposure to PFAS chemicals in the population around the former Wurtsmith Air Force Base.

Post cover
Image courtesy of "WCAX"

Vt. lawmakers seek ban on compostable products with PFAS (WCAX)

A bill introduced at the Vermont Statehouse seeks to ban the sale and distribution of compostable products that contain PFAS, the forever chemicals that are ...

Back at Vermont compost, Hammer says even without a ban, they likely still wouldn’t accept compostable plastics, but he says there is some le-way with paper products. She says it’s hard to determine how many products this would apply to because of the chemical’s widespread use, but the impacts of the bill will have to be explored. Dolan says a product labeled compostable should lack the presence of toxins. Dolan sees a ban on those products that contain PFAS as double-edged. “We have taken certain kinds of paper, but generally it’s very hard to determine that there is no plastic in a paper product.,” he said. “We have never allowed any inclusion of compostable plastics in our process,” he said.

Post cover
Image courtesy of "Milwaukee Journal Sentinel"

'Forever chemicals' in Great Lakes fish more risky than PFAS in ... (Milwaukee Journal Sentinel)

A study published in Environmental Research finds consuming freshwater fish leads to more PFAS in the human body than drinking water.

Compared to older fish sampling, the levels of PFOS were actually lower in the 2013 to 2015 data collected for the current study. "The extent that PFAS has contaminated fish is staggering," said Nadia Barbo, a Duke University graduate student and lead researcher on the study, in a press release. The EPA should also collect more data on PFAS in fish, Stoiber said. But, the report noted, there is a lack of guidance on how fish can be safely consumed to protect consumers from PFAS. and Canada that rely on the lakes for drinking water, in addition to harvesting fish. "What's needed is a reduction of discharges to the environment, as well as curtailing non-essential uses of PFAS," she said. "There's no practical way to clean surface waters or watershed. In Lake Michigan near Milwaukee, a Coho salmon harvested in 2010 showed 19,000 parts per trillion of PFOS, while a lake trout harvested the same year from Lake Superior near Superior showed 21,000 parts per trillion of PFOS. The family includes 5,000 compounds, which are persistent, remaining both in the environment and the human body over time. The chemicals enter the human body largely through drinking water. [The Wisconsin agency has issued advisories warning anglers to reduce the amounts of certain fish harvested from certain bodies of water over the last few years](https://www.jsonline.com/story/news/local/wisconsin/2022/07/07/where-testing-has-located-pfas-fish-caught-wisconsin-waters-forever-chemicals/7690684001/), including fish caught in many of the lakes in Madison. But now when I see fish, all I think about is PFAS contamination."

Post cover
Image courtesy of "USA TODAY"

'Forever chemicals' in freshwater fish more risky than those in ... (USA TODAY)

Eating one locally caught freshwater fish can equal drinking 'forever chemical' contaminated water for a month, a study on PFAS, PFOS found.

- Compared to older fish sampling, the levels of PFOS were actually lower in the 2013 to 2015 data collected for the current study. - But, the report noted, there is a lack of guidance on how fish can be safely consumed to protect consumers from PFAS. - But finding PFAS in fish today is still concerning Stoiber said. - "What's needed is a reduction of discharges to the environment, as well as curtailing non-essential uses of PFAS," she said. and Canada who rely on the lakes for drinking water, in addition to harvesting fish. - The research shows how the compounds found in humans aren't just coming from drinking water, but their diet as well. - "It's a bit shocking and hard to digest this information," she said. The chemical is used in commercial production of textiles, paper, metals, pesticides and firefighting foams, But now when I see fish, all I think about is PFAS contamination." The family includes 5,000 compounds, which are persistent, remaining both in the environment and the human body over time. The chemicals enter the human body largely through drinking water. [much higher than in commercially raised fish](https://bit.ly/3CSHd2M), according to a new study.

Post cover
Image courtesy of "Detroit Free Press"

Eating locally caught freshwater fish can put PFAS in human blood ... (Detroit Free Press)

Eating one locally caught freshwater fish in a year delivers as much potentially health-harming nonstick PFAS compounds to the blood as drinking ...

But in other places, the guidelines are more species-specific, and eating some of the fish is considered acceptable. "Ultimately, this is a problem that needs to be controlled by not putting the contamination out there," he said. "I'm very much concerned for those who don't have other options, for whom fish serves as an important source of protein that's available and can be caught." In some places — such as Belleville Lake in Wayne County, Portage Lake in Livingston County or Ford Lake in Washtenaw County — the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services recommends no consumption of fish due to the levels of PFOS detected in fish there. "Sport-caught fish can also be a low-cost source of lean protein," she said. The researchers calculated that eating one fish in a year equated to drinking water with PFOS at 48 parts per trillion for a month in terms of its impact on increased human blood levels. Clair for example, the Eat Safe Fish guidelines call for limiting sunfish and bluegill consumption to four servings per month. "But paying attention to dietary sources, and your overall sources of exposure to PFAS is also really important." It has even been found [in polar bears in the Arctic Circle](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23010253), as the chemicals have worked their way up the food chain from fish and seals. They found PFAS compounds in the fish were 280 times higher than those detected in some commercially caught and sold fish. "Now I see a fish and I think PFAS. Environmental Protection Agency from 2013 to 2015 in two programs: nationwide in its National Rivers and Streams Assessment and for the Great Lakes Human Health Fish Fillet Tissue Study.

Post cover
Image courtesy of "WBUR"

Freshwater fish found to have high levels of 'forever chemicals ... (WBUR)

This study is bad news for communities that rely on subsistence fishing and recreational fisherman who cook up what they catch. The freshwater fish had ...

Smallmouth bass, largemouth bass and channel catfish tended to have some of the higher levels of PFAS. She would also like to see PFAS chemicals regulated at the federal level. Some governmental bodies, including in the state of Massachusetts, have focused on measuring and regulating PFAS in drinking water. The chemicals are useful in repelling water, oil and grease. “Even infrequent consumption of, for example, four meals per year [of freshwater fish] could potentially double the amount of PFOS in your body,” said Tasha Stoiber, one of the study authors and a scientist at the advocacy organization the Environmental Working Group. Compared to store-bought fish, the fish examined in the study had an average of nearly 280 times more of these toxic chemicals called PFAS.

Post cover
Image courtesy of "WDJT"

New study finds dangerous levels of PFAs chemicals in locally ... (WDJT)

Dr. Tasha Stoiber, of the Environmental Working Group, said, "These findings are especially concerning for people who eat freshwater fish." Once ingested, PFAs ...

Stoiber said, "This widespread contamination, this is a result of decades use of these chemicals that were virtually unregulated." The Riverkeepers are awaiting sample results taken from Milwaukee's rivers. Stoiber said, "It could impact almost every organ in the body. Dr. Cheryl Nenn, of the Milwaukee Riverkeeper, said, "Sadly, I wasn't surprised. The chemicals have been a problem for years because they're very prevalent and they don't break down easily.

Post cover
Image courtesy of "Wisconsin Public Radio News"

New study finds extremely high levels of 'forever chemicals' in Great ... (Wisconsin Public Radio News)

A new study found dining on one fish caught in freshwater could be the same as drinking PFAS-contaminated water for a month, with highest levels of the ...

[study](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1438463921002170) published last year found Burmese residents in New York's Great Lakes basin had PFOS in blood levels that's [six times](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1438463921002170) the general U.S. [for rainbow smelt last week in](https://www.michigan.gov/mdhhs/inside-mdhhs/newsroom/2023/01/12/eat-safe-fish) Michigan waters of Lake Superior and also Lake Michigan. The advisories are based on guidelines established by the [Great Lakes Consortium](https://www.health.state.mn.us/communities/environment/fish/docs/consortium/bestpracticepfos.pdf), which recommends no more than one meal per month when PFOS levels range between 50 and 200 parts per billion. Near the city of Superior, a lake trout sampled in Lake Superior had levels of 21,000 parts per trillion while a coho salmon tested near Milwaukee in Lake Michigan had levels of 19,000 parts per trillion. "One kind of interesting thing is that we have not seen higher levels with other species of Lake Superior fish, it really seems to be an issue with smelt," Strom said. Studies have found PFAS in the blood of [98 percent](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7879379/) of Americans, and [research](http://www.c8sciencepanel.org/publications.html) shows high exposure to the chemicals can cause kidney and testicular cancers, fertility issues, thyroid disease and reduced response to vaccines over time. The most recent study found widespread contamination among freshwater fish nationwide with average levels of roughly 9,500 parts per trillion among species sampled from rivers and streams. A [study](https://www.wpr.org/study-finds-around-half-great-lakes-residents-know-about-advisories-outlining-safe-fish-consumption) published last year found only about half of people surveyed in the Great Lakes region knew about advisories that set limits on how much fish is safe to eat. The analysis of 44 fish species sampled, which included walleye and largemouth bass, showed the highest PFOS levels among 152 samples collected from the Great Lakes with average concentrations of 12,350 parts per trillion. "I believe it's in part because the water in the Great Lakes is not continually flowing and rushing out into the ocean. "So water and contamination that ends up in the Great Lakes actually sticks around a lot longer." The sampling was part of the agency’s National Rivers and Streams Assessment and the Great Lakes Human Health Fish Fillet Tissue Study.

Post cover
Image courtesy of "The Detroit News"

Study: PFAS in one serving of fresh fish 280 times greater than ... (The Detroit News)

A single serving of freshwater fish per year may be the same as drinking water laced with toxic, so-called "forever chemicals" for a month, according to a ...

"The extent that PFAS has contaminated fish is staggering," Nadia Barbo, a graduate student at Duke University and lead researcher on the study, said in a statement. In Michigan, public health officials still have a "Do Not Eat" fish advisory for the Huron River from where the river crosses N. It also highlights a particular issue in communities with environmental justice concerns and that depend on eating freshwater fish its members catch. For more information on limits of fish that should be eat, please check the The guidelines consider different contaminants that can be found in fish, including mercury and PFOS, said Lynn Sutfin, a spokeswoman for the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services. Researchers analyzed data from more than 500 samples of fish fillets collected in the U.S.

Post cover
Image courtesy of "The Guardian"

Freshwater fish more contaminated with 'forever chemicals' than in ... (The Guardian)

Study also says eating one serving of fish with PFAS could be equivalent to drinking contaminated water every day for a month.

Despite the findings, the EPA and the FDA have not warned consumers or those fishing about the dangers of eating what they catch. The FDA tested commercially caught fish bought at grocery stores. The EPA found all but one of the 501 samples it checked had elevated PFAS levels.

Post cover
Image courtesy of "News/Talk 94.9 WSJM"

Former Nickel Plating Facility Designated PFAS Site (News/Talk 94.9 WSJM)

The state Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy will work with health officials to evaluate nearby residential drinking water wells. Groundwater ...

VLS Environmental sees hazardous waste and PFAS opportunities ... (Waste Dive)

VLS, a private equity-backed company, intends to keep growing in the hazardous and non-hazardous waste sectors. Its latest purchase of Texas Molecular may ...

We have several in the pipeline as we speak. We do go out as far as the East Coast, we've gone as far as the Midwest and we have facilities on the West Coast. The people there and the people of VLS, we've known each other for a long time. Then we have a new one in Corpus Christi that we're excited about as well, so we have four wellheads in the area. If you put it in a landfill, the landfill has leachate and that molecule gets into the leachate [that may go to a wastewater treatment plant]. You're going to have to scrub the emissions and you need power for the motors and for the scrubbers. You can't just stick it in a landfill, you can't just dump it on the ground, you do have to process it somehow. You could jack up the heat in an incinerator to get up to 2,000 and then it costs even more because you've got to use more fuel to get it up there. And I think the impact is going to be quite big. Then we do a little bit of treatment, put it in a tank, test it to make sure everything's good and we pump it into the well. It's highly regulated by the EPA and it's actually a preferred technology for certain materials. We look at this from a perspective that if you're going to take hazardous waste you have to process it somehow.

Post cover
Image courtesy of "WKOW"

Locally caught fish are full of dangerous chemicals called PFAS ... (WKOW)

Fish caught in the fresh waters of the nation's streams and rivers and the Great Lakes contain dangerously high levels of PFOS, short for perfluorooctane ...

Pennsylvania PFAS Regulations Become Law (The National Law Review)

Pennsylvania latest state to pass PFAS regulations drinking water standards as regulations passed final hurdle in regulatory process with Attorney General ...

Detections at or above these levels will lead to enforcement actions against companies that the state feels contributed to the contamination of drinking water sources. These regulations will require states to act, as well (and some states may still enact stronger regulations than the EPA). Pennsylvania’s Environmental Quality Board and Independent Regulatory Review Commission both approved the proposed standards of 14 parts per trillion (ppt) for PFOA and 18 ppt for PFOS to conclude 2022.

Post cover
Image courtesy of "Great Lakes Now"

PFAS News Roundup: New requirements taking effect in 2023 to ... (Great Lakes Now)

PFAS, short for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, are a group of widespread man-made chemicals that don't break down in the environment or the human body ...

[Forever chemicals’ are in their drinking water. [Despite 3M’s phase-out, the global problem of cleaning up PFAS remains](https://wisconsinwatch.org/2023/01/despite-3ms-phase-out-the-global-problem-of-cleaning-up-pfas-remains/)— Wisconsin Watch New laws for household cleaning, personal care, cosmetics, food packaging, and children’s products will help prevent public exposure. [New NY state law bans PFAS in clothing](https://wnyt.com/top-stories/new-nys-law-bans-pfas-in-clothing/)— WNYT.com [EGLE appeals judge’s rejection of new PFAS water standards](https://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/2023/01/07/egle-appeal-pfas-drinking-water-regulations/69786203007/)— Detroit Free Press [Peters and Dingell bill to protect firefighters from hazardous PFAS chemicals becomes law](https://www.pressandguide.com/2023/01/01/peters-and-dingell-bill-to-protect-firefighters-from-hazardous-pfas-chemicals-becomes-law/)— Press and Guide

Post cover
Image courtesy of "Chemical & Engineering News"

Toxic PFAS found in freshwater fish (Chemical & Engineering News)

An environmental group has sounded the alarm over high levels of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid in freshwater fish. Fish caught in rivers, streams, and lakes ...

The EWG is urging the EPA to stop industrial discharges of PFAS, which end up in rivers and streams and contaminate fish. For comparison, the scientists looked at data from the US Food and Drug Administration on PFAS in commercially relevant fish in 2019–2022. Although they are no longer intentionally made in the US, the two chemicals contaminate drinking water nationwide. The FDA has not established a safe level for PFAS in fish. The researchers analyzed PFAS data collected from 2013–2015 by the US Environmental Protection Agency on more than 500 freshwater fish. The advocacy group says the findings are particularly concerning for people whose survival depends on catching and eating freshwater fish.

Post cover
Image courtesy of "American Chemistry Council"

Reports on PFAS and Freshwater Fish Are Misleading (American Chemistry Council)

It's important for news outlets to make it clear that all PFAS chemistries are not the same. Individual chemistries have their own unique health and ...

Industry is dedicated to the responsible production, use, and management of PFAS chemistries in a manner that protects the public health and our environment. al](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935122024926?via%3Dihub) are continuing the alarming trend of taking a specific example of PFAS levels detected in the environment and expanding it exponentially into an unscientific, overly broad indictment of hundreds of chemistries that benefit our lives every day. The public should be aware that PFOS and PFOA, two types of PFAS, were voluntarily phased out of production and use by leading manufacturers in the chemical industry.

Post cover
Image courtesy of "WBAY"

INTERVIEW: PFAS in freshwater fish (WBAY)

An environmental report released Tuesday is of particular interest to local anglers and Wisconsin's fish fry culture.

The headline of the study: Eating 1 freshwater fish equals a month of drinking forever chemicals in water. To help us understand the research, we were joined by Tasha Stoiber, a scientist who co-authored the study, who was an undergrad at Michigan Tech and did her Ph.D. (WBAY) - An environmental report released Tuesday is of particular interest to local anglers and Wisconsin’s fish fry culture.

Post cover
Image courtesy of "The Guardian"

'All-natural' Simply Orange Juice has high toxic PFAS levels, lawsuit ... (The Guardian)

Coca-Cola claimed juice was healthy despite toxic 'forever chemicals' levels 'hundreds of times' above federal limits, suit says.

The complaint doesn’t provide specific test results, but said testing found PFOA and PFOS levels “hundreds of times” above what the EPA considers safe for drinking water. A lawsuit filed in late December just days ahead of the class action suit The inclusion of “filtered water” leads “reasonable consumers to believe that additional care has been taken to remove any incidental chemicals or impurities,” the complaint states. No limits for PFAS in orange juice or other food products exist in the US. [contaminated food](https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/mar/24/revealed-pfas-dangerous-chemicals-food-wrappers) to be more of a risk than previously thought. then you’re going to keep seeing these lawsuits pop up,” said Tom Neltner, chemicals policy director with the Environmental Defense Fund, a non-profit that pressures the FDA to take stronger action on PFAS.

Post cover
Image courtesy of "mlive.com"

PFAS widely detectible in U.S. freshwater fish, new study warns (mlive.com)

A review of contaminant testing data from across the United States shows that toxic PFAS chemicals have been widely detected in freshwater fish, prompting calls ...

Median PFOS levels in fish collected through EPA sampling in 2008 and 2009 were 30 percent higher than the 2013 to 2015 collection data and chemical levels may have continued to decline since then. “Sometimes you have these big pushes like what’s coming out with this, and in the end, it’ll do more good than bad,” Kashain said. “It’s not a trend that we’re seeing with other species collected from the Great Lakes; larger predator species.” Also, “our analytical techniques have probably also gotten better in 10 years, so we’re able to detect it even more than we did back then.” In the EWG/Duke study, the assumption is they do. PFAS are often called “forever chemicals” because they do not readily break down in the environment or in humans. “It’s a continuous process.” [prompting calls](https://www.ewg.org/news-insights/news-release/2023/01/ewg-study-eating-one-freshwater-fish-equals-month-drinking) from study authors for a crackdown on pollutant sources and a one-size-fits-all national fish consumption advisory. Thirteen different PFAS chemicals were measured, which, in total, median averaged 9.5 parts-per-billion (ppb) in fish from EPA’s How much PFAS should be allowed in drinking water has been an ongoing debate among policymakers, academics, advocacy groups and industry. “Very little attention has been paid to these datasets,” said Stoiber. “I think it will anger a lot of people, but it needs to be talked about.

Post cover
Image courtesy of "WXPR"

Eating your PFAS? Study warns freshwater fish could be source of ... (WXPR)

A lot of focus surrounding PFAS has been on how it contaminated drinking water, but a new study is focused on how we may be consuming it in our food.

I find it frustrating and angering that now I go out fishing and it makes me think of PFAS contamination,” said Andrews. “We’ve been looking at PFAS in fish and wildlife dating back to about 2006 or 2007. “The EPA did do sampling in 2019 and that information is not yet public. We’ve been looking at it for quite a while,” Sean Strom is a toxicologist for the DNR. “It really looks like for people consuming freshwater fish, it’s possible moving away from that may lead to the biggest change in terms of the overall exposure to these compounds.” Back then the EPA established the health advisory levels at 70 parts per trillion. Where fishing is very important, people go out regularly and they consume these fish. It was updated in 2022 to 0.02 parts per trillion. [Locally caught freshwater fish across the United States are likely a significant source of exposure to PFOS and other perfluorinated compounds. “What we did see is that those levels in the Great Lakes are concerningly high. It would take infrequent or even a single fish consumption to potentially significantly change serum levels,” said Andrews. Between 2013 and 2015 the U.S.

Explore the last week