Reform

2022 - 10 - 31

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Image courtesy of "The Washington Post"

Fairfax County's cash bail reform is open for public judgment (The Washington Post)

Alan Davis is a member of the Fairfax County Justice Advisory Council. He served in law enforcement, including 20 years as a senior adviser to the deputy ...

Researchers in Harris County, Tex., found that pretrial detention of 10,000 individuals charged with misdemeanors could be projected to result in 400 additional felonies and 600 further misdemeanors after detention. Specifically, the dashboard reflects that in 76 percent of violent felony cases and 89 percent of felony sex offense cases, the county’s prosecutors recommended pretrial detention. Those who represent a real danger to the community should remain behind bars, and those who do not should go home before their next court date. The community should be encouraged by the progress made possible by Descano’s decision to insist that his prosecutors simply recommend individuals charged with crimes be detained or released pretrial based on an assessment of their dangerousness, without regard to their wealth. At the outset of his term, Descano directed his prosecutors to stop requesting cash bail and consider a range of factors to determine whether community members charged with crimes pose such an imminent danger that pretrial detention should be recommended. But, unfortunately, this is how cash bail — an amount of money a court charges a defendant to return home before their next court date — makes communities less safe and more inequitable.

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Image courtesy of "Forbes"

Timelines In Tax History: Tax Codes, Tax Reform, And Tax ... (Forbes)

Joseph J. Thorndike explores the various administrative and substantive tax reforms during the presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower.

But the accretion of tax breaks over years and decades can make a tax system dysfunctional, both economically and politically. Excise tax reduction was actually a sideshow in the tax world of 1954. The income tax gave members of Congress a ready store of legislative goodies that they could deliver to constituents whenever it seemed most helpful. The persistence of high marginal tax rates was a driving force: They had a tendency to turn small problems into big ones. The law liberalized depreciation deductions by introducing new depreciation schedules and created a new 4% dividend tax credit for individuals. Before the 1952 changes, the BIR had been organized principally by type of tax, with an individual income tax unit, an employment tax unit, an excise tax unit, and so forth. On March 10 the House of Representatives voted overwhelmingly to slash federal taxes on a variety of “luxury” items, including furs, jewelry, luggage, cosmetics, and theater admissions. Grunewald delivered various gifts to these officials, including the use of new Chryslers and a luxurious hotel suite in Washington, as well as air conditioners and a television. In the early 1950s, officials in the San Francisco office of the BIR were implicated in a serious corruption scandal. The tax collection agency was to be decentralized and depoliticized. “The crux of the matter is the phrase ‘trade or business,’” one tax expert explained to The Atlanta Constitution. It is impossible to say exactly how much Eisenhower saved as a result of this BIR decision because the candidate’s disclosure aggregated income and tax figures for a multiyear period.

Ecuador Constitutional Court Eliminates Parts of Tax Reform (Bloomberg Tax)

Ecuador's Constitutional Court has eliminated parts of a fast-track tax reform due as unconstitutional while leaving income tax reform intact, the country's ...

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Sens. John Braun and Lynda Wilson Call for Reform to Emergency ... (Centralia Chronicle)

State Senate Republican Leader John Braun, R-Centralia, and Sen. Lynda Wilson, R-Vancouver, released statements on Monday calling for reform of state laws ...

She also says new technology allows the Legislature to make decisions without meeting in Olympia, which Wilson believes undermines part of the reasoning behind current laws on emergency powers. Braun said it’s important to not shut “the people” out of the law-making process. “Ending the state of emergency is long overdue.

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Image courtesy of "PBS NewsHour"

Some states are struggling to implement policing reforms passed ... (PBS NewsHour)

Two years after states around the country passed an unprecedented number of police reforms after the killing of George Floyd, some are struggling to make ...

“This lack of consistency is very dangerous and it could be the difference between life and death,” Blanding said. Also named as a defendant is former Police Chief Sam Dobbins, who was fired in July after he was heard on an audio recording using racial slurs and saying he had killed 13 people in the line of duty. He watched as states around the country enacted a wide assortment of police reforms while no police accountability measures were approved in Mississippi. “We were able to get ourselves out of that one,” said Mike Sherlock, executive director of the Nevada Peace Officer Standards and Training Commission, the state’s regulatory agency for law enforcement. Ultimately, she said, it’s up to the public and the police departments themselves to make sure change happens. Details will include type of force and whether the civilian had a mental health condition or was under the influence of drugs or alcohol. Of the eight agencies that responded, a few said they made small changes, like tweaking their use-of-force policies to align with the new law. Police had historically been allowed to use force to briefly detain someone if they had reasonable suspicion that the person may be involved in a crime. Police had argued that some of the reforms went too far and would interfere with their ability to arrest criminals. And officers had to de-escalate situations “whenever possible or appropriate” and only use an “objectively reasonable” amount of force. And if the range of outcomes has varied as well, that comes as no surprise to Thomas Abt, a senior fellow with the Council on Criminal Justice, a nonpartisan think tank. States collectively approved nearly 300 police reform bills after Floyd’s killing in May 2020, according to an analysis by the Howard Center for Investigative Journalism at the University of Maryland.

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Image courtesy of "The Boston Globe"

States struggle with pushback after wave of policing reforms (The Boston Globe)

The national reckoning on race and policing that followed the death of George Floyd — with a Minneapolis police officer's knee on his neck — spurred a ...

He watched as states around the country enacted a wide assortment of police reforms while no police accountability measures were approved in Mississippi. And officers had to de-escalate situations “whenever possible or appropriate” and only use an “objectively reasonable” amount of force. Police had argued that some of the reforms went too far and would interfere with their ability to arrest criminals. Among other things, police rights measures gave officers the power to sue civilians for violating their civil rights. States collectively approved nearly 300 police reform bills after Floyd’s killing in May 2020, according to an analysis by the Howard Center for Investigative Journalism at the University of Maryland. And while governors in all but five states signed police reform laws, many gave police more protections, as well.

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Image courtesy of "Cronkite News"

Pain, action and hope: Activists have battled for police reform for ... (Cronkite News)

Activists are pushing for police reform, building on the struggles of the past to improve the future of policing in the U.S. To long-time activist Elaine ...

“And those of us who are in the business of creating a humane and egalitarian society will have a platform to build on. “You have to stay in the forefront with everything.” “I wish that law enforcement would know and understand that nothing is going to change without intentionality,” he said. “It’s like we don’t look at what’s happened in the last 50 years and say, ‘Well, maybe we need to do something different.’” “We’re going to continue to be out here for Jayland Walker and stand in solidarity with the family,” Austin said. “It’s almost like the police need a Hippocratic oath.” Leaders of a Beautiful Struggle in 2021won a lawsuit against the Baltimore Police Department that claimed police aerial surveillance technology violated the First and Fourth Amendment rights of the public. Although he’s a rarity in the ranks, Armstrong shares most police chiefs’ dismay at demands to “defund” the police. He speaks in front of a mural at Fruitvale station dedicated to the life of Oscar Grant III, not far from that coin-sized gouge in the platform. Officer Johannes Mehserle was one of the Bay Area Rapid Transit officers who responded to reports of a fight at the Fruitvale station that day. On a hot summer day years later, Armstrong brought a phalanx of media, police and city staff to a park in his old neighborhood. The “goal was to educate and liberate,” she said.

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Image courtesy of "Kearney Hub"

States struggle with policing reforms (Kearney Hub)

The national reckoning on race and policing that followed the killing of George Floyd — with a Minneapolis police officer's knee on his neck — spurred a ...

The Howard Centers are an initiative of the Scripps Howard Fund in honor of the late news industry executive and pioneer Roy W. This story is a collaboration among The Associated Press and the Howard Centers for Investigative Journalism at the University of Maryland's Philip Merrill College of Journalism and at Arizona State University's Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication. He watched as states around the country enacted a wide assortment of police reforms while no police accountability measures were approved in Mississippi. "If you want my opinion, mostly it was feel-good legislation that somewhere along the lines, somebody thought they were making a huge difference," said Sheriff Gerald Antinoro of Storey County, an area outside of Reno. Officers had to de-escalate situations "whenever possible or appropriate" and only use an "objectively reasonable" amount of force. Among other things, police rights measures gave officers the power to sue civilians for violating their civil rights.

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Image courtesy of "Voice of America"

Majority of Americans Want Supreme Court Reform, Here's How it ... (Voice of America)

Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson is escorted by Chief Justice of the United States John Roberts following her formal investiture ceremony at the Supreme Court in ...

And so states can often do a great deal that they want to do within the bounds of a Supreme Court decision.” That would return the length of justices’ tenure to actually what it was for the first few hundred years.” States that decide they’re going to protect abortion even if the Supreme Court doesn't, they're complying also. “It takes away this random element that causes some presidents who are luckier than others to have more opportunities to select members of the court,” Baum says. Term limits could end the political gamesmanship in the U.S. I don't want to suggest it's illegitimate in that sense, but I think it's deeply problematic for the court itself to be so disconnected from the democratic process.” “Supreme Court decisions often leave a lot of room for people to respond in different ways. Forty percent of people polled describe the court as being "about right" ideologically, while 37% say the court is “too conservative.” The Constitution gives Congress the authority to expand the Supreme Court, which lawmakers have done seven times in the past. [court reform](https://www.politico.com/newsletters/playbook-pm/2022/06/27/new-poll-voters-oppose-overturning-roe-back-court-reform-00042585) in the aftermath of the U.S. But there's also something to be said for giving the other branches the chance to address what they see as an imbalance.” Public approval of the U.S.

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Image courtesy of "knkx.org"

Why the wave of voting reform measures in the Northwest? (knkx.org)

A wave of voting reforms is washing up on the shores of the Pacific Northwest. What's driving cities and counties to consider ranked choice and approval ...

“The thing about voting reforms is, different people can kind of see that as a solution to their particular problem,” Smith said. [implemented ranked choice voting](https://www.knkx.org/politics/2022-08-11/groups-get-creative-to-help-alaska-voters-with-ranked-voting) this summer and made big headlines when a Democrat won over Republican Sarah Palin in a congressional race. Two candidates can split the vote, and cause both to lose, even though their values are popular,” Bowers said. At the same time the ranked choice people are eating pizza, across town Logan Bowers is getting ready to debate one of them. The story of how she discovered Fair Vote is a great one for parties: She was chasing an escaped peacock at the Mill Creek Festival and ran past a guy at the Fair Vote booth, who told her which way the peacock went. “The two major candidates, I almost never liked either of them, and there would almost always be a third or fourth candidate that I really liked,” Raftery said. The Republican won. He was one of 55 candidates citywide and didn’t get past the primary. Take a left at the pig statue, go up some stairs, through a hallway and you’ll find yourself in a little library full of more than a dozen people eating pizza. Those races are often crowded, and fewer voters participate in them – so you have less participation and more choices. While few are likely to win, some are popular enough they’re making races tighter for Democrats and Republicans. Take one of the partygoers at Pike Place – Patricia Raftery.

Justice Department Awards More Than $136 Million To Support ... (Department of Justice)

Funding supports mentoring; youth violence prevention strategies; juvenile indigent defense programs; treatment for youth leaving foster care; and services for ...

An additional $2.7 million will fund the [National Mentoring Resource Center](https://ojjdp.ojp.gov/funding/opportunities/o-ojjdp-2022-171221)to enhance the capacity of mentoring organizations to develop, implement and expand effective mentoring practices across the nation. More information about OJP and its components can be found at More information about these and other OJP awards can be found on the An additional $827,000 will be awarded to provide training and technical assistance. An additional $1 million will support training and technical assistance. “These investments deliver on a pledge to put youth first and to make contact with the system rare, fair and beneficial for those it is intended to serve.” Administrator Ryan has outlined three priorities designed to build on these successes and continue the trend away from youth involvement in the juvenile justice system: treating children as children; serving them in their homes, with their families and in their communities; and opening opportunities for system-involved youth. Each of these priorities is guided by a commitment to racial equity and to hearing directly from youth and families impacted by the justice system about their needs. Grants under OJJDP’s Title II program also support state-wide measures to protect youth who are in the care of state juvenile justice systems, help keep them safe and prepare them for successful reentry upon release. Funding supports mentoring; youth violence prevention strategies; juvenile indigent defense programs; treatment for youth leaving foster care; and services for girls in the justice system, Alaska Native youth and LGBTQI+ and Two-Spirit youth. “By investing in reforms to the juvenile justice system, providing mentors for youth and helping young people find a path forward, we are helping the next generation claim a future filled with opportunity and hope.” “The path to durable and sustainable community safety solutions, and ultimately to a just and equitable society, includes evidence-informed strategies that support youth and steer them away from arrest and incarceration when possible,” said OJP Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney General Amy L.

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